Why is it in the news?

• The latest report from SBI Research indicates a noteworthy reduction in income inequality in India, suggesting positive trends towards upward mobility and the expansion of the middle class.
• The findings shed light on various economic indicators that contribute to a more balanced income distribution.

Key Findings of the Report

• The report, drawing on Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) data, highlights a continuous expansion in the Income Tax base.
• In the Assessment Year 2022-23, the number of tax filers increased to 74 million, up from 70 million in the previous year.
• The Gini Coefficient, a crucial measure of income inequality, has witnessed a decline. From 0.472 during the Assessment Year 2014-15, it has reduced to 0.402 for the Assessment Year 2022-23.

• The share of top earners, particularly those with incomes exceeding Rs 10 crores and Rs 100 crores, has seen a decrease over the period from 2013-14 to 2020-21.
• A significant factor contributing to the reduction in income inequality is the observed upward mobility.
• More than 36% of individuals who were initially in the lowest income bracket in FY14 have transitioned to higher income levels. This transition resulted in a notable 21% increase in their earnings from FY14 to FY21.
• The report indicates a positive trend in the rising participation of females in the labour force. This contributes to a more inclusive and diverse workforce.
• The report points out evident changes in income levels for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).
• Additionally, evolving consumption patterns post-Covid-19 challenge the conventional notion of K-shaped growth, suggesting a more nuanced economic landscape.