Why is it in the news?
- The Supreme Court (SC) has directed the Central Government to establish a new Delimitation Commission.
- This directive came in response to a plea seeking proportionate representation for the Limbu and Tamang tribal communities in the Sikkim and West Bengal assemblies.
- The SC aims to ensure the rights guaranteed under Articles 330 and 332 of the Constitution, which relate to the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in legislative bodies, and to prevent any violation of Article 14, which guarantees equality before the law.
| About Delimitation Commission Purpose · The Delimitation Commission is responsible for readjusting the constituencies, including their numbers and boundaries, for both the Lok Sabha (House of People) and State Assemblies after each Census. · The decisions of the Delimitation Commission are considered final and cannot be challenged in any court.
Composition of Delimitation Commission · The Commission is chaired by a sitting or retired Supreme Court judge. · It includes the Chief Election Commissioner of India or a nominee chosen by them. · The respective State’s Election Commissioner is also a part of the Commission.
Delimitations in India · The Delimitation Commission has been established four times since India’s independence in 1952, 1963, 1973, and 2002. · The delimitation exercise was temporarily frozen by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment in 1976 until the first Census after 2000 was published. · The 84th Constitutional Amendment in 2002 further extended the freeze for 25 years, until 2026.
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