·       Built in the 3rd millennium B.C., it is part of the Indus Valley Civilization and located in the Larkana district of Sindh, Pakistan.

·       One of the largest sites of the Indus Valley Civilization.

·       Discovered by archaeologists Rakhaldas Banerji and Sir John Marshall.

·       Notable features include the Great Bath, Great Granary, assembly hall, temple-like structure, and a bust of a bearded man.

·       Divided into a citadel and lower city.

·       UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site in 1980.

·       The city was once part of the Harappan civilization and abandoned around 1800 BC, possibly due to climate change.

·       The Buddhist stupa at Mohenjo Daro was constructed around 150 AD during the Kushan Empire’s rule.

Buddhism

·       Buddhism originated in the 6th century BC in ancient India.

·       The Gandhara region (modern Pakistan and Afghanistan) became a prominent centre for Buddhist art and culture during the Kushan Empire’s rule.

·       Taxila, an ancient city in Pakistan, was a hub of Buddhist learning and housed one of the world’s oldest universities.

·       The Silk Road facilitated the exchange of Buddhist ideas and artifacts.

·       The Kushan Empire fragmented into independent kingdoms, facing conquests by the Sasanian Persians and northern invaders, possibly associated with the Huns.