Why is it in the news?

• The Union Cabinet has approved the “PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI)” scheme with a total cost of Rs. 4,797 crores, to be implemented from 2021-26.

About the Scheme

• PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI) is a comprehensive scheme designed to address all five components of the Earth system, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere.
• The scheme falls under the purview of the Ministry of Earth Sciences.

Objectives:

• Monitor essential indicators of Earth System dynamics and changes through long-term observations of the atmosphere, ocean, geosphere, cryosphere, and solid earth.
• Create modelling systems to comprehend and forecast weather, ocean conditions, and climate risks. Focus on understanding the science behind climate change.
• Explore polar and high seas regions for the discovery of new phenomena and resources, contributing to a deeper understanding of global climate changes.
• Develop technology for sustainable exploration and utilization of oceanic resources for societal applications.
• Translate knowledge and insights from Earth systems science into services for societal, environmental, and economic benefit.

The scheme subsumes five existing schemes of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES):

• ACROSS (Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services): Focuses on long-term observations and advanced modelling systems for weather and climate predictions.
• O-SMART (Ocean Services, Modelling Application Resources and Technology): Targets sustainable exploration and utilization of marine resources, utilizing cutting-edge technology.
• PACER (Polar Science and Cryosphere Research): Aims to explore the mysteries of the Earth’s poles and glacial regions, contributing to a deeper understanding of global climate changes.
• SAGE (Seismology and Geosciences): Strives to strengthen earthquake monitoring and research on the Earth’s solid components.
• REACHOUT (Research, Education, Training, and Outreach): Fosters talent development and ensures effective translation of research into services directly benefiting society.