Why is it in the news?

• The Migration and Mobility Agreement between India and Italy was officially signed on November 2, 2023.

 More about the news

• The primary objective of the agreement is to facilitate the seamless movement of various categories of individuals, including workers, students, and professionals, between India and Italy. Additionally, it aims to address and enhance cooperation on issues related to illegal migration.
• The agreement ensures the preservation of the existing Italian visa regime for Indian nationals.
• It includes specific mechanisms designed to promote post-study opportunities, internships, and professional training. This aspect is particularly advantageous for Indian citizens seeking opportunities in Italy.
• Once approved by both participating nations, the Migration and Mobility Agreement becomes effective for a period of 5 years.
• Notably, the agreement is designed to automatically renew for successive periods, ensuring continuity, unless either India or Italy decides to terminate their participation.

Key Provisions of the Agreement

• A significant provision allows Indian students who have completed academic or vocational training in Italy to obtain temporary residence in the country for a duration of up to 12 months. This facilitates the gaining of initial professional experience, contributing to the overall mobility and skill development of Indian students.
• Under the existing Flows Decree, Italy has committed to offering increased reserved quotas for both seasonal and non-seasonal workers. This commitment spans the period from 2023 to 2025, aiming to accommodate and manage the flow of Indian workers to Italy during this timeframe.
• The agreement formalizes collaboration and cooperation between India and Italy in their joint efforts to combat irregular migration. By establishing a structured framework, the two nations aim to address challenges associated with irregular migration more effectively.
• To ensure the effective implementation and ongoing assessment of the agreement, a formal monitoring mechanism in the form of a Joint Working Group (JWG) is established. This group will convene periodically, either virtually or in person, to oversee the implementation of the agreement, discuss emerging issues, and foster continuous collaboration between India and Italy in the realm of migration and mobility.