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IISc Study on Montane Birds


Why is it in the news?

  • The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru conducted a study focusing on understanding the consequences of logging and climate change on montane birds.

About the Study

  • The study was carried out in the Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh, known for its diverse bird species and rich biodiversity.
  • Researchers collected data over a period of 10 years from the Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, utilizing mist netting and bird ringing techniques.
  • The study examined the effects of both forest logging and climate change on bird communities, with a specific focus on the understorey bird community, which comprises birds beneath the main canopy of a forest.

Key Findings of the Study

  • Identified forest loss and climate change as major threats to the tropical montane forest ecosystem, particularly in mountainous regions.
  • Observed shifts in elevational distribution of many bird species, attributed to rising temperatures.
  • Logging was found to result in the loss of large-bodied, old, growth-dependent bird species, leading to an overall decrease in biodiversity.
  • Significantly detrimental effects on understorey insectivores, a group of birds confined to specific niches within the ecosystem.
  • Logged forests experienced reduced densities of foliage-dwelling insects, which are a crucial food source for birds. This reduction in available resources negatively impacted bird communities.
  • Noted a phenomenon where many bird species shifted to higher elevations in response to climate change, seeking more favourable conditions.
  • Emphasized the critical importance of preserving primary (undisturbed) forests to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change on bird communities.
Eagle Nest Wildlife Sanctuary

·       Situated in Arunachal Pradesh.

·       Part of the Eastern Himalayas biodiversity hotspot.

·       Adjacent to Sessa Orchid Sanctuary and Pakhui Tiger Reserve.

·       Recognized as a top global birding destination.

·       Characterized by dense bamboo strands and patches of broadleaved evergreen forest, covering a large altitudinal range.

·       Home to diverse amphibians, snakes, lizards, and mammal species, including endangered species like the Bugun Liocichla bird.

·       Records over 160 species of butterflies.

·       The sanctuary is inhabited by two tribes, Bugun and Sherdukpen, adding to its cultural significance.


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