Why is it in the news?

• The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) released its inaugural State of the World’s Migratory Species report during the CMS COP14, a significant UN wildlife conservation conference.
• This comprehensive report was meticulously prepared by conservation scientists affiliated with the UN Environment Program, marking a milestone in global wildlife conservation efforts.

Key Findings of the Report

• Population Decline: Nearly half of the migratory species listed under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) are facing a decline in their populations.
• Extinction Risk: The report reveals that over one-fifth of the species listed by CMS are at risk of extinction, with fish species particularly vulnerable, with 97% facing the risk of extinction.
• Lack of Protection: More than half of the key biodiversity areas critical for the survival of migratory animals, as identified by CMS, lack adequate protection. Additionally, a significant portion of monitored sites for these species is experiencing unsustainable human pressure.
• Identified Threats: Human activities such as overexploitation and habitat loss emerge as the most significant threats to migratory species.
• Inadequate CMS Coverage: Despite being listed by CMS, a considerable number of threatened species remain outside the purview of conservation efforts.

Key Recommendations

• Address Illegal and Unsustainable Practices: Urgent action is needed to combat illegal wildlife trade, unsustainable hunting, fishing, and habitat destruction, which pose significant threats to migratory species.
• Safeguard Critical Sites: Efforts must be intensified to protect key biodiversity areas critical for the survival of migratory animals. This includes establishing and enforcing protected areas and implementing conservation measures to mitigate human-induced pressures.
• Focus on Most Threatened Species: Priority should be given to species facing the highest risk of extinction, with targeted conservation actions tailored to their specific needs and habitats.
• Intensify Actions Against Climate Change and Pollution: Mitigating the impacts of climate change and reducing pollution are essential for safeguarding migratory species and their habitats.
• Expand CMS Listings: Efforts should be made to broaden the scope of CMS listings to include more endangered species that are currently not covered.