Why is it in the news?
- The European Union Parliament has passed the groundbreaking AI Act, marking the first major legislative effort globally to regulate Artificial Intelligence.
More about the news
- The AI Act aims to safeguard fundamental rights, democracy, rule of law, and environmental sustainability, all while fostering innovation within the AI sector.
- It introduces a framework categorizing AI systems into four levels of risk:
1) Unacceptable Risk: Any AI system posing a threat to EU Fundamental Rights falls under this category and is prohibited.
2) High-Risk: AI systems with potential impacts on health, safety, and Fundamental Rights are subject to conformity assessments and ongoing monitoring.
3) Specific Transparency Risk: AI systems with risks related to manipulation or impersonation must fulfil information and transparency obligations.
4) Minimal Risk: Common AI systems such as spam filters are considered to have minimal risk and are not subject to specific regulations.
- General-purpose AI models with systemic risks must assess and mitigate these risks, report serious incidents, and undergo state-of-the-art tests.
- Real-time remote biometric identification in publicly accessible spaces, like facial recognition via CCTV, is prohibited with limited exceptions.
- Efforts to mitigate racial and gender biases in AI systems are mandated, requiring high-risk systems to be trained with adequately representative datasets to minimize biases.
| India’s Steps to Promote AI
· The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology has issued an advisory directing platforms to label unreliable AI models and seek explicit prior approval from the government before deploying them. · India has launched an AI mission aimed at fostering the development and adoption of AI technologies within the country. · India established a National AI Strategy in 2018, outlining long-term goals and approaches for AI development and utilization. Global Efforts to Promote AI · Bletchley Declaration: Signed by 29 countries, including India and the EU, the Bletchley Declaration signifies international cooperation and commitment towards the responsible development and deployment of AI. · Global Partnership on AI (GPAI): The establishment of GPAI represents a collaborative effort among nations to address challenges and opportunities associated with AI development, ensuring it remains safe, secure, and trustworthy. · New Delhi Declaration: This declaration, among other global initiatives, aims to advance discussions and consensus on the ethical and regulatory frameworks surrounding AI. · Hiroshima AI Process (HAP): Led by G7 nations, the HAP initiative seeks to regulate AI technologies and ensure their alignment with societal values and interests.
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