Why is it in the news?
- Recent studies suggest that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) faces a potential collapse between 2025 and 2095 due to the influence of anthropogenic emissions.
- A collapse of the AMOC would disrupt the flow of warm and cold water within the Atlantic Ocean, potentially triggering significant climate impacts.
| About AMOC
· The AMOC is a system of ocean currents within the Atlantic Ocean that plays a crucial role in global climate regulation. · It transports warm water from the tropics to the North Atlantic, where it releases heat to the atmosphere, moderating temperatures in Europe and North America. · Additionally, the AMOC transports cold water southward, completing a loop that helps regulate global climate patterns. · The AMOC is part of the global conveyor belt, a system of ocean currents that circulates cool subsurface water and warm surface water worldwide. This circulation helps distribute heat around the globe, influencing climate patterns and weather systems. · The entire cycle of the global conveyor belt, including the AMOC, operates on a slow timescale, with water taking approximately 1,000 years to complete its journey along the belt. |
Impacts of AMOC Collapse
- Widespread cooling in the northern hemisphere: Without the warm water transported by the AMOC, regions like Europe, North America, China, and parts of Russia could experience cooling temperatures.
- Decreased precipitation: The disruption of ocean currents could lead to reduced precipitation in affected regions, impacting agriculture, water resources, and ecosystems.
- Drought in the Amazon rainforest: The excess heat resulting from the collapsed AMOC could cause drought conditions in the Amazon rainforest, potentially leading to ecosystem shifts and biodiversity loss.
- Impacts on monsoon systems: A slowdown or collapse of the AMOC could disrupt monsoon formation and rainfall patterns, affecting regions such as the Sahel in Africa and South Asia.
- Cascading impacts on tipping elements: The collapse of the AMOC is considered a tipping element in Earth’s climate system, with potential cascading impacts on other critical systems, including ice sheet stability, ecosystem shifts, species loss, Arctic sea ice, and more.
